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Jakarta Surpasses All as World’s Most Populous Capital in 2025

Source: Jakarta world’s most populous capital with 42 million people: UN report (2025-11-23)

Jakarta, Indonesia, has officially become the world’s most populous capital city, with a staggering 42 million residents, according to the latest United Nations report. This milestone underscores the rapid urbanization trend that is reshaping global demographics and city landscapes. The report highlights that the world’s urban population now accounts for 45% of the total 8.2 billion people, a significant increase from just 20% in 1950. Since then, urban areas with populations exceeding 10 million—known as megacities—have quadrupled from 8 in 1975 to 33 in 2025, with over half located in Asia. This urban explosion is driven by factors such as rural-to-urban migration, economic opportunities, and technological advancements. In addition to Jakarta’s rise, recent facts reveal that by 2030, it is projected that nearly 70% of the global population will live in cities, with Asia hosting the majority of new megacities. The growth of urban centers is also influencing global infrastructure development, with investments in transportation, housing, and sustainable energy reaching record levels. For instance, the Belt and Road Initiative by China continues to expand urban connectivity across Asia and Africa, fostering economic growth and urban resilience. Furthermore, the rise of smart cities equipped with IoT technology is transforming urban living, improving efficiency and quality of life. Environmental challenges accompany this rapid urbanization, including increased air pollution, water scarcity, and waste management issues. Cities like Jakarta are now implementing innovative solutions such as green infrastructure, urban forestry, and renewable energy projects to combat these problems. The UN report emphasizes the importance of sustainable urban planning to ensure that the growth benefits all residents while minimizing ecological impact. This demographic shift has profound implications for global politics, economics, and social dynamics. Governments are increasingly focusing on urban policies that promote inclusivity, affordable housing, and resilient infrastructure. The rise of megacities also influences global markets, with urban centers becoming hubs for innovation, finance, and cultural exchange. As cities continue to grow, international cooperation and sustainable development strategies will be crucial to managing the challenges and harnessing the opportunities of this urban age. In conclusion, Jakarta’s new status as the world’s most populous capital marks a pivotal moment in the ongoing urban revolution. With urban populations soaring and megacities multiplying, the world is entering a new era where city life will define economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social progress. Policymakers, urban planners, and communities must collaborate to create resilient, inclusive, and sustainable cities for the future.

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