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Unveiling Feminism in Oz: L. Frank Baum’s Hidden Legacy

Source: How the wonderful women of Oz pull back the curtain on L. Frank Baum’s feminism (2025-11-23)

L. Frank Baum’s classic "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz," celebrating its 125th anniversary, is often viewed as a simple tale of friendship and adventure. However, recent expert analyses reveal a deeper layer: a subtle yet powerful feminist message woven into its narrative. Scholars like Michael Patrick Hearn highlight that in Baum’s universe, women—particularly witches, queens, and other female characters—hold true power, challenging traditional gender roles of the time. This perspective aligns with contemporary understandings of gender equality, emphasizing female agency and leadership. Beyond the original story, new facts shed light on Baum’s progressive views: he was an advocate for women’s rights, supporting suffrage movements in the early 20th century; his personal correspondence reveals admiration for female leaders; the character of Glinda the Good Witch embodies wisdom and authority traditionally reserved for male figures; and recent adaptations of Oz stories continue to emphasize female empowerment. Additionally, modern scholars argue that Baum’s portrayal of female characters subtly critiques societal norms, making "The Wizard of Oz" a pioneering work in feminist children’s literature. As the story continues to enchant audiences worldwide, understanding its feminist undertones enriches our appreciation of Baum’s legacy and the enduring relevance of Oz’s empowering themes.

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